The 1937 Buffalo Nickel with 3 legs is one of the most fascinating and sought-after error coins in U.S. numismatic history. Valued at up to $1500 or more depending on condition, this rare coin is the result of a minting mistake that has captured the attention of coin collectors for decades. But what exactly makes this coin so special—and why are collectors willing to pay top dollar for it?
Struck at the Denver Mint, the error occurred when over-polishing the die accidentally removed the front right leg of the buffalo, leaving the coin with just three visible legs. This quirky defect turned a simple five-cent piece into a prized collectible. If you’re a coin enthusiast or simply curious about rare finds, this guide will help you understand the unique features, history, and current value of the 1937 3-legged Buffalo Nickel. You might even want to check your spare change after reading!
Obverse:
The obverse side of the 1937 Buffalo Nickel, also known as the Indian Head Nickel, displays a prominent profile of a Native American man. Unlike later coins like the Sacagawea Dollar, this image doesn’t represent a single individual.
Instead, sculptor James Earle Fraser combined features from three Native American chiefs—Iron Tail of the Sioux, Big Tree of the Kiowa, and Two Moons of the Cheyenne—to create a composite portrait. The figure is adorned with two feathers in his hair and a long braid trailing down one side. On the 1937-D “3-Legged” variety, noticeable die erosion appears around the neck area. The date “1937” is engraved across the bust’s cutoff, while the word “LIBERTY” is positioned along the coin’s edge near the 2 o’clock mark.
Reverse:
The reverse side is based on a real bison named Black Diamond, who once lived at the Central Park Zoo in New York City. While standard Buffalo Nickels show the animal’s full set of four legs, this particular variety is missing the front right leg, a result of die over-polishing.
Additionally, the back right leg appears faint or under-defined. A curved raised line caused by die erosion sometimes appears between the front and rear legs, which has led to the coin’s humorous nickname—the “Urinating Buffalo.” The bison stands atop a narrow patch of ground, with “FIVE CENTS” and the mintmark “D” placed below in the exergue. The words “UNITED STATES OF AMERICA” form an arc over the buffalo, and the Latin phrase “E PLURIBUS UNUM” is tucked between the animal’s back and the rim.
Interestingly, this coin does not carry the motto “IN GOD WE TRUST.” As noted by Mint Director George Roberts, this inscription was not required on nickels at the time.
Edge:
The edge of the 1937-D “3-Legged” Buffalo Nickel is smooth and unadorned, with no inscriptions or markings.
Bottom Line
The 1937 3-legged Buffalo Nickel is a classic example of how a minting error can turn an ordinary coin into a collector’s treasure. Its rarity, historical background, and visual oddity make it highly desirable in the numismatic community. With values reaching $1500 or more, this coin is proof that mistakes can become masterpieces. Whether you’re a seasoned collector or a beginner, learning about such coins enhances your appreciation for the hobby. So next time you stumble upon old coins, keep an eye out—you might just find a three-legged buffalo worth more than you expect.
FAQs
Why does the 1937 Buffalo Nickel have only 3 legs?
It’s due to over-polishing of the die at the Denver Mint, which removed part of the buffalo’s front leg.
How much is a 1937 3-legged Buffalo Nickel worth?
Depending on its condition, it can be worth anywhere from $400 to over $1500.
How can I tell if I have a 3-legged Buffalo Nickel?
Check the buffalo’s front right leg—if it appears missing with no sign of damage, you might have the rare version.
Is the 3-legged Buffalo Nickel still being found today?
Yes, though rare, some people still discover them in old coin collections or estate sales.